Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) technology originated in the late 20th century, initially successfully applied by Finnish scientists to the preparation of fluorescent materials such as ZnS and Mn, and Al2O3 insulating films, serving the flat panel display industry.

500-mesh residue, also commonly referred to as 500-mesh sieve residue or +500-mesh particle content, refers to the percentage by mass of particles in an inorganic powder material (such as calcium carbonate, talc, kaolin, silica powder, etc.) that cannot pass through a 500-mesh standard sieve.

Electrical performance, in a broad sense, refers to various electrical characteristics exhibited by materials under the influence of an applied electric field. For powder materials (especially inorganic insulating powders), the following core indicators are usually of concern:

Electrical performance, in a broad sense, refers to various electrical characteristics exhibited by materials under the influence of an applied electric field. For powder materials (especially inorganic insulating powders), the following core indicators are usually of concern:

Bulk density, also commonly referred to as apparent density or packing density, is the mass per unit volume of a powder material in its natural, free-flowing state.

Simply put, modification is the process of intentionally altering the surface or bulk properties of a material through physical, chemical, or mechanical methods to give it functions it did not originally possess or to improve its performance, thereby meeting specific application needs.

Simply put, modification is the process of intentionally altering the surface or bulk properties of a material through physical, chemical, or mechanical methods to give it functions it did not originally possess or to improve its performance, thereby meeting specific application needs.

Oil absorption value refers to the volume (in milliliters) of a specific liquid (commonly linseed oil or castor oil) absorbed by 100 grams of powder material when it reaches a specific viscous state (such as forming uniform clumps). The unit is usually mL/100g.

In industrial production and materials science, moisture generally refers to the total amount of water contained in a substance. However, based on the form and state of water's existence, it can be subdivided into several levels:

LOI, often abbreviated as LOI, refers to the percentage of mass lost by a material after it has been burned for a sufficient period of time at a specific high temperature, relative to the original sample mass.